It is a large bird of prey that primarily inhabits wetland areas such as reed beds, marshes, wet meadows, and other aquatic environments. These habitats provide ideal conditions for nesting and hunting, as they support abundant populations of small mammals, birds, amphibians, and insects — the marsh harrier’s typical prey. During the breeding season, the species is highly dependent on tall, dense vegetation for nest concealment and protection from predators.
Marsh Harriers are widely distributed across Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. Their breeding range extends from Western Europe and North Africa across to Central Asia and parts of China. Many populations are migratory, particularly those from northern and eastern Europe, which move south to overwinter in Africa, southern Europe, and the Indian subcontinent. Migration generally occurs in a broad front and is often solitary or in loose groups. In contrast, marsh harriers in milder climates, such as western Europe, may remain resident or undertake only short-distance movements in response to seasonal food availability.
