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The name of the traditional river of ancient Chittagong is Karnafuli. This river is an immortal witness of thousands of years of history. Starting from the eastern hills, this river has merged with the Bay of Bengal on the wide western side. The scenery of the two banks of Karnafuli is amazing. Fishing boat with fishermen's equipment on the river bank in the morning at Karnafuli river (Kaptai). When fishermen fish in the fog-covered river in the winter morning, an unearthly environment is created. It's like a heavenly morning.

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Chittagong, the holy land of Bar Auliya and the green land of natural beauty, has developed on the banks of Karnafuli. One of the main reasons for this beauty of Chittagong is Karnafuli. The port built on the banks of this river is economically important. Chittagong port is very old. The river is losing its romance. The river is only being attacked because of the profiteering people. The only hydropower plant in Bangladesh has been built on Karnafuli.

The name of the traditional river of ancient Chittagong is Karnafuli. This river is an immortal witness of thousands of years of history. Starting from the eastern hills, this river has merged with the Bay of Bengal on the wide western side. The scenery of the two banks of Karnafuli is amazing. Fishing boat with fishermen's equipment on the river bank in the morning at Karnafuli river (Kaptai). When fishermen fish in the fog-covered river in the winter morning, an unearthly environment is created. It's like a heavenly morning.

© Zakir Hossain
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Chittagong, the holy land of Bar Auliya and the green land of natural beauty, has developed on the banks of Karnafuli. One of the main reasons for this beauty of Chittagong is Karnafuli. The port built on the banks of this river is economically important. Chittagong port is very old. The river is losing its romance. The river is only being attacked because of the profiteering people. The only hydropower plant in Bangladesh has been built on Karnafuli.

Karnaphuli or Khawthlangtuipui is the largest and most important river in Chattogram and the Chattogram Hill Tracts. It is a 667-metre (2,188 ft) wide river in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh. Originating from the Saithah village of Mamit district in Mizoram, India, it flows 270 kilometres (170 mi) southwest through Chattogram Hill Tracts and Chattogram into the Bay of Bengal. Before the Padma, it was the fastest flowing river in Bangladesh. It is said to "represent the drainage system of the whole south-western part of Mizoram.Principal tributaries include the Kawrpui River or Thega River, Tuichawng River and Phairuang River. A large hydroelectric power plant using Karnaphuli river was built in the Kaptai region during the 1960s. The mouth of the river hosts the Port of Chattogram, the largest and busiest seaport of Bangladesh.

The life of the Chatal workers is limited to the boundaries of the Chatal. They have no separate life, no dreams. Their lives are spent working hard all day. No adequate rest, no recreation. To the Chatal owner they are much like maids. After working so hard for a low wage, they can't put a smile on anyone's face in their family, so they are always mentally depressed & upset. This is how it is passed down through the generations.

In Bangladesh, a large proportion of marine and freshwater fish landings are processed by drying. Dry fish is locally called ‘Shutki’. In winter, many fishermen catch fish mainly to make dry fish. But traditional drying methods are used in the absence of a modern dry fish preservation facility. Most of time they dry fish under sun; these dried fish can bring them profit by exporting them. The fish is also exported to different countries after meeting local demand, traders say. Demand for fish drying labor corresponds with the lunar cycle, with two high and two low weeks each month. A flexible labor force is thus required, and most workers are hired on a daily basis. These casual laborers, who often lack alternative employment options, are usually able to find work for around 15 days per month, but sometimes as few as 10. The working day runs from dawn to dusk (roughly 6.00 am to 6.00 pm), and there is a strong gender division of labor. Men perform tasks which include washing fresh fish, applying pesticides to prevent fly infestation, hanging fish up to dry on scaffolding, weighing and bagging dried product and loading it onto trucks. Women are responsible primarily for sorting fresh fish by species, tying pairs of churri and loitya together so that they can be hung up, and turning and further sorting of mixed fish species during the drying process. At least 50% of the causal laborers employed are women & child. Workers said they get daily wage of Tk 300 in addition to some raw fish.

Kaptai Lake is the largest lake in Bangladesh. It is located in the Kaptai Upazila under Rangamati District of Chittagong Division. The lake was created as a result of building the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, as part of the Karnaphuli Hydro-electric project.

Local people are seen with traditional clothes and flowers during the colorful three-day Biju festival on Chittagong Hill Tracts at Kaptai Lake in Rangamati, Bangladesh. Girls offer flowers in the lake for “Phool Biju”, which kicks off the Biju festival to welcome New Year.

বিজু চাকমা আদিবাসী সম্প্রদায়ের অন্যতম প্রধান আনন্দ-উৎসব। বাংলা বছরের শেষ দুই দিন ও নববর্ষের দিন এই উৎসব পালন করা হয়।

১২ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় ফুলবিজু। এই দিন ভোরের আলো ফুটার আগেই ছেলেমেয়েরা বেরিয়ে পড়ে ফুল সংগ্রহের জন্য। সংগ্রহিত ফুলের একভাগ দিয়ে বুদ্ধকে পূজা করা হয় আর অন্যভাগ পানিতে ভাসিয়ে দেওয়া হয়। বাকি ফুলগুলো দিয়ে ঘরবাড়ি সাজানো হয়।চৈত্র মাসের শেষ দিন অর্থাৎ‍ ১৩ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় মুলবিজু। এইদিন সকালে বুদ্ধমূর্তি গোসল করিয়ে পূজা করা হয়। ছেলেমেয়েরা তাদের বৃদ্ধ দাদা-দাদী এবংনানা-নানীকে গোসল করায় এবং আশীর্বাদ নেয়। এই দিনে ঘরে ঘরে বিরানী সেমাই পাজন (বিভিন্ন রকমের সবজির মিশ্রণে তৈরি এক ধরনের তরকারী) সহ অনেক ধরনের সুস্বাদু খাবার রান্না করা হয়। বন্ধুবান্ধব আত্নীয়স্বজন বেড়াতে আসে ঘরে ঘরে এবং এসব খাবার দিয়ে তাদেরকে আপ্যায়ন করা হয়। সারাদিন রাত ধরে চলে ঘুরাঘুরি। বাংলা নববর্ষের ১ম দিন অর্থাৎ‍ ১৪ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় গজ্যা পজ্যা দিন (গড়িয়ে পড়ার দিন)। এই দিনেও বিজুর আমেজ থাকে।

Kaptai Lake is the largest lake in Bangladesh. It is located in the Kaptai Upazila under Rangamati District of Chittagong Division. The lake was created as a result of building the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, as part of the Karnaphuli Hydro-electric project.

বৈচিত্র্যময় অপরূপ প্রকৃতির মতই আদিবাসীদের জীবনধারা, সংস্কৃতি অনেক সুন্দর ও বৈচিত্র্যময়। বৈচিত্র্যময় তাদের ভাষা, রীতি-নীতি, পোষাক-পরিচ্ছদ ও উৎসব অনুষ্ঠান। আদিবাসীদের স্বকীয় ঐতিহ্য ও সংস্কৃতি হলো আদিবাসীদের জাতিগত পরিচয় ও স্বাতন্ত্রতার প্রতীক। আদিবাসীদের এসব ঐতিহ্য, প্রথা, ভাষা ও কৃষ্টি তথা সংস্কৃতি এদেশের সংস্কৃতি ভাণ্ডারের অমূল্য রত্ন ও সম্পদ।


Like the diverse and beautiful nature, the lifestyle and culture of the tribals are very beautiful and diverse.
Their language, customs, costumes and festivals are diverse.Adivasi's own traditions and culture are symbols of tribal identity and independence. These traditions, customs, language and culture of the tribals are the precious jewels and resources of this country's cultural heritage.

Kaptai Lake is the largest lake in Bangladesh. It is located in the Kaptai Upazila under Rangamati District of Chittagong Division. The lake was created as a result of building the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, as part of the Karnaphuli Hydro-electric project.

Local people are seen with traditional clothes and flowers during the colorful three-day Biju festival on Chittagong Hill Tracts at Kaptai Lake in Rangamati, Bangladesh. Girls offer flowers in the lake for “Phool Biju”, which kicks off the Biju festival to welcome New Year.

বিজু চাকমা আদিবাসী সম্প্রদায়ের অন্যতম প্রধান আনন্দ-উৎসব। বাংলা বছরের শেষ দুই দিন ও নববর্ষের দিন এই উৎসব পালন করা হয়।

১২ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় ফুলবিজু। এই দিন ভোরের আলো ফুটার আগেই ছেলেমেয়েরা বেরিয়ে পড়ে ফুল সংগ্রহের জন্য। সংগ্রহিত ফুলের একভাগ দিয়ে বুদ্ধকে পূজা করা হয় আর অন্যভাগ পানিতে ভাসিয়ে দেওয়া হয়। বাকি ফুলগুলো দিয়ে ঘরবাড়ি সাজানো হয়।চৈত্র মাসের শেষ দিন অর্থাৎ‍ ১৩ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় মুলবিজু। এইদিন সকালে বুদ্ধমূর্তি গোসল করিয়ে পূজা করা হয়। ছেলেমেয়েরা তাদের বৃদ্ধ দাদা-দাদী এবংনানা-নানীকে গোসল করায় এবং আশীর্বাদ নেয়। এই দিনে ঘরে ঘরে বিরানী সেমাই পাজন (বিভিন্ন রকমের সবজির মিশ্রণে তৈরি এক ধরনের তরকারী) সহ অনেক ধরনের সুস্বাদু খাবার রান্না করা হয়। বন্ধুবান্ধব আত্নীয়স্বজন বেড়াতে আসে ঘরে ঘরে এবং এসব খাবার দিয়ে তাদেরকে আপ্যায়ন করা হয়। সারাদিন রাত ধরে চলে ঘুরাঘুরি। বাংলা নববর্ষের ১ম দিন অর্থাৎ‍ ১৪ এপ্রিল পালন করা হয় গজ্যা পজ্যা দিন (গড়িয়ে পড়ার দিন)। এই দিনেও বিজুর আমেজ থাকে।

In Bangladesh, a large proportion of marine and freshwater fish landings are processed by drying. Dry fish is locally called ‘Shutki’. In winter, many fishermen catch fish mainly to make dry fish. But traditional drying methods are used in the absence of a modern dry fish preservation facility. Most of time they dry fish under sun; these dried fish can bring them profit by exporting them. The fish is also exported to different countries after meeting local demand, traders say. Demand for fish drying labor corresponds with the lunar cycle, with two high and two low weeks each month. A flexible labor force is thus required, and most workers are hired on a daily basis. These casual laborers, who often lack alternative employment options, are usually able to find work for around 15 days per month, but sometimes as few as 10. The working day runs from dawn to dusk (roughly 6.00 am to 6.00 pm), and there is a strong gender division of labor. Men perform tasks which include washing fresh fish, applying pesticides to prevent fly infestation, hanging fish up to dry on scaffolding, weighing and bagging dried product and loading it onto trucks. Women are responsible primarily for sorting fresh fish by species, tying pairs of churri and loitya together so that they can be hung up, and turning and further sorting of mixed fish species during the drying process. At least 50% of the causal laborers employed are women & child. Workers said they get daily wage of Tk 300 in addition to some raw fish.

চার দেয়ালের মধ্যে থাকার চেয়ে পাড়ায় মাচাং ঘরে থাকার যে কি অদ্ভুত মায়া তা ছবিতে বা লিখে বুঝানো সম্ভব না।
পাহাড়ি পাড়াগুলোতে প্রতিনিয়তই মায়াবী দৃশ্য চোখে পড়ে।
কোন এক শীতের সকালে প্রান্ত পাড়ায়।।


আলীকদম

© Md.Imran Hossain Khan (Imu)
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