The Flickr Shqypëniet Image Generatr

11048 R Albanien - Katolische Mädchen Skadar - Bromsilber-Karte Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale Koleksioni (Kel) Marubi ~ 1902.

10011 R Skadar - Begrüßung albanischer Frauen Bromsilber-Karte Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale Koleksioni Marubi
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Kel Marubi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kel Marubi

Self portrait of Kel Marubi, 1930s
Born 1870
Shkodër, Ottoman Empire
Died March 13, 1940 (aged 69–70)
Shkodër, Albania Known forPhotography
Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870 – 13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

Life
Kel Kodheli began his study of photography at the age of 15. During the 1920s, he studied in Lyon at the first school of photography and cinema founded by the Lumière brothers, and worked as a professional photographer in Shkodra from the late 1920s to 1952. He pioneered working with celluloid instead of glass plate. Kel Kodheli was an assistant to Italian photographer Pietro Marubi. After Pietro's death, Kodheli changed his name to Kel Marubi and became the owner of Marubi's photography studio. He photographed the Albanian political leaders of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, as well as common people and landscapes. Kel was an ardent patriot and was active in the Albanian National Awakening, taking part in the foundation of many associations related to Albanian language, as well as publishing Voice of Shkodra newspaper in 1908.

Kel Marubi became well known abroad as well. He was invited to photograph the Royal Family of the King of Montenegro. In 1970, his entire estate of 150,000 negatives was purchased by the Government of Albania, to be conserved in the national archive.

Published photo albums of Marubi's work, include: "Gjurmë të Historisë Kombëtare në Shkodër" - Photograph Library ("Traces of National History in Shkodra"), 1982, and "By the Lumière", published in France. The first Albanian film school was named "Academy of Film and Multimedia Marubi", in honor of Marubi family and its work, as film and photography pioneers in western Balkans.

10009 R Skadar - Albaner in Festkleidung Bromsilber-Karte Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale Koleksioni Marubi
Pietro Marubi (Albanian: Pjetër Marubi; 1832–1903) was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect and photographer and founder of the Marubi Studio who spent most of his life in Sanjak of Shkodër, today Albania.[1] Pietro was born in Piacenza, Italy in 1834, in a period of revolution for Europe. In 1856, Marubi was forced to leave Italy because of his participation in the Garibaldi movement, he moved to Shkodër, where he opened the first photography studio, which was named Dritëshkronja.
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Kel Marubi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kel Marubi

Self portrait of Kel Marubi, 1930s
Born 1870
Shkodër, Ottoman Empire
Died March 13, 1940 (aged 69–70)
Shkodër, Albania Known forPhotography
Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870 – 13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

Life
Kel Kodheli began his study of photography at the age of 15. During the 1920s, he studied in Lyon at the first school of photography and cinema founded by the Lumière brothers, and worked as a professional photographer in Shkodra from the late 1920s to 1952. He pioneered working with celluloid instead of glass plate. Kel Kodheli was an assistant to Italian photographer Pietro Marubi. After Pietro's death, Kodheli changed his name to Kel Marubi and became the owner of Marubi's photography studio. He photographed the Albanian political leaders of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, as well as common people and landscapes. Kel was an ardent patriot and was active in the Albanian National Awakening, taking part in the foundation of many associations related to Albanian language, as well as publishing Voice of Shkodra newspaper in 1908.

Kel Marubi became well known abroad as well. He was invited to photograph the Royal Family of the King of Montenegro. In 1970, his entire estate of 150,000 negatives was purchased by the Government of Albania, to be conserved in the national archive.

Published photo albums of Marubi's work, include: "Gjurmë të Historisë Kombëtare në Shkodër" - Photograph Library ("Traces of National History in Shkodra"), 1982, and "By the Lumière", published in France. The first Albanian film school was named "Academy of Film and Multimedia Marubi", in honor of Marubi family and its work, as film and photography pioneers in western Balkans.

9995 R Barcelik. Türkisches Dorf Bromsilber-Karte View of the Turkish village Barcelik Atelier Photographique Marubi Scutari (Albanie) Skadar, Cкадар, Shkodër, Shkodra, Scutari. Xhamia e plumbit. Koleksioni Marubi. Mosquée des plombs. The plumb mosque. La mezquita de plomo Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale ~ anno 1910.
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South side of the mosque

The Lead Mosque (Albanian: Xhamia e Plumbit), also known as the Buşatlı Mehmet Pasha Mosque, is a historical mosque in Shkodër, northwestern Albania.
It took the name Lead Mosque, because all of its cupolas were covered with lead.
History
The Lead Mosque was built in 1773 by the Albanian pasha Mehmed Bushati of the noble Bushati family, who was vizier of Pashalik of Scutari at the time. Through this act, he intended to give his city of birth, the feeling of the capital. It is said that the mosque's edifice was built on land owned by the catholic church.
Mehmed Bushati was personally involved with the construction and stones were incised under his patronage. Almost every day, he stepped down from his residence, the Rozafa Castle, to follow the progress of the works.

The first Imam of the mosque was Haxhi Ahmet Misria, who was of Egyptian origin. He came to Albania after the contacts he had with Mehmed Bushati. After him, other Imams served and also took care of the mosque.

Damages

The mosque with its minaret until 1967
During the 1900s, the mosque begun to be damaged and the lead that covered the cupolas was gradually stolen. In 1916, the remaining lead was removed by the Austrian army during the Austrian rule in Albania.

In 1967, lightning destroyed its minaret, which had been previously reconstructed in 1920 by Xhelal Bushati, descendant of Mehmed Bushati.

State atheism
In 1967, Lead Mosque was closed down, just like the other religious institutions, after the anti-religious communist leader Enver Hoxha declared Albania an atheist state. Unlike many mosques that were destroyed during this time, it survived from the communist regime, probably because it was declared a Cultural Monument in 1948.

Post-Communism
On 16 November 1990, the Lead Mosque preceded other mosques in Albania to reopen when religion was again allowed in the country. The very first religious rally was held in this mosque by Hafiz Sabri Koçi, after 23 years of state atheism.

Construction
The Lead Mosque has an Ottoman architecture, unlike most other mosques in Albania which follow Arab architecture. It closely mirrors the classical Ottoman architecture of Istanbul, Turkey, which was pioneered by architect Mimar Sinan of the 16th century.

The mosque is built with hewn stones of almost the same size, which creates a pleasant construction symmetry. Stones were brought from the nearby village of Gur i Zi by people who aligned to each other over kilometers passing the stones to reach the construction point.

Restoration
Flood damage in rainy seasons have resulted in damage to the Lead Mosque over time. The mosque has been repaired numerous times during its lifetime: in 1863, 1920 and in 1963. On 15 July 2021, the Albanian and Turkish governments funded restoration of the mosque.

In the year 1912, Montenegro entered into an alliance with the Christian states of the Balkans (Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece), with a view to total national liberation from Ottoman rule. A military convention with Serbia defined the directions of offensive action. The Montenegrin army, organized on a territorial-tribal principle, of the militia type, poorly armed and equipped, was divided into three forces: the Coastal Force, commanded by General Mitar Martinovic, numbered 8.000 troops and 34 cannon, and was stationed at Bar. The Zeta Force, under the command of Crown Prince Danilo, numbered 15.000 troops and 40 cannon and was stationed at Podgorica. This force was entrusted with the most important task - the capture of Skadar. The Eastern Force, commanded by General Janko Vukotic and numbering 12.600 troops and 32 cannon, was deployed around Mojkovac, Berane and Plav with the task of guarding the border and launching offensives in the regions of Sandzak and Metohija if needed. Confronting the Montenegrin army was a Turkish army of 24.450 men and 150 cannon. The war against the Ottoman Empire, known in history as the First Balkan War, broke out on October 8, 1912, at Montenegro's declaration. In The early encounters, the Zeta Force achieved some initial advantage, but failed to use in to good purpose. The Forces advance on Skadar was slow, although it had an open read, the Catholic Albanian tribes having sided with Montenegro. This inertia enabled the Turkish commander to reinforce his defenses numerically. The Eastern Force did its job quickly; it liberated Mojkovac, Bijelo Polje, Pljevlja, Berane Rozaj, Plav, Gusinje and Djakovica (on November 4), marching in together with the Serbian army.

A truce was signed on December 3, with the situation around Skadar still unclear. The Battle of Skadar was resumed on 7-9 February 1913, with enormous losses at the Bardanjolt and Tarabos strongholds, but the city was not taken. This forced King Nikola to turn to Serbia for help. Acceding to his request, the Serbian government sent to his aid the Coastal Corps (numbering 30.450 troops, 41 cannon and 4 planes) specially formed for the purpose and commanded by General Petar Bojovic. No attack materialized, because the big powers had sent a strong protest to Montenegro demanding that it raise the siege of Skadar, after which eight men-of-war of the European powers sailed into Montenegrin waters in the Adriatic sea. On the other side. Russia forced Serbia to with draw its army from Skadar. Despite all this, the siege of Skadar was not abandoned. King Nikola and his Supreme Command decided to force the city to surrender by shelling it from artillery weapons alone. In this they were successful. Esad -pasha, who commanded the defense of Skadar, offered acceptable terms for the surrender of the city, and Montenegrins troops marched into Skadar on April 24. However, this solved nothing. On the contrary, the big powers only intensified their interference. Fierce diplomatic pressure was brought to bear on King Nikola who found in impossible to resist without risking a suicidal war. Kind Nikola communicated his decision to leave Skadar to the English Foreign Minister Mr. E. Gray, saying in effect that his dignity and the dignity of his people would not permit him to submit to pressure and was therefore reposing the fate of the city of Skadar in the hands of the Great Powers. After this communication, a treaty on the surrender of Skadar was signed and international troops marched into the city on May 14.

Montenegro's losses in the First Balkan War were 9.500 dead and wounded. In the Second Balkan War, which erupted between erstwhile allies, Montenegro took the side of Serbia: on July 10, 1913, King Nikola declared war on Bulgaria and sent the Decani Force, numbering 13.000 troops, to Macedonia to assist the Serbian Army. Sending the detachment off on its mission, King Nikola exported them to do their duty in the "Defense of our Serbian interests". The detachment lost 950 dead and wounded.

The Balkan Wars proved favorable to Montenegro, which expanded its territory by and additional 5.000 square kilometers, to total 14.442 square kilometers. In annexed the towns of Mojkovac, Bijelo Polje, Pljevlja, Berane, Plav, Gusinje, Rozaj, Pec, Djakovica and Tuzi and a part of Lake Skadar.
Text from:
www.njegos.org/mnhistory/hist4.htm
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Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870–13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

9975 R Skadar - La défense de Shkodra, les tranchées de Bardhanjor Bardanjolt (alb. Bardhanjoret) Shkoders Shkodrës 8.II.1913. Atelier Photographique Marubbi Scutari (Albanie) Souvenir d'Albanie Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale
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Kel Marubi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kel Marubi

Self portrait of Kel Marubi, 1930s
Born 1870
Shkodër, Ottoman Empire
Died March 13, 1940 (aged 69–70)
Shkodër, Albania Known forPhotography
Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870 – 13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

Life
Kel Kodheli began his study of photography at the age of 15. During the 1920s, he studied in Lyon at the first school of photography and cinema founded by the Lumière brothers, and worked as a professional photographer in Shkodra from the late 1920s to 1952. He pioneered working with celluloid instead of glass plate. Kel Kodheli was an assistant to Italian photographer Pietro Marubi. After Pietro's death, Kodheli changed his name to Kel Marubi and became the owner of Marubi's photography studio. He photographed the Albanian political leaders of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, as well as common people and landscapes. Kel was an ardent patriot and was active in the Albanian National Awakening, taking part in the foundation of many associations related to Albanian language, as well as publishing Voice of Shkodra newspaper in 1908.

Kel Marubi became well known abroad as well. He was invited to photograph the Royal Family of the King of Montenegro. In 1970, his entire estate of 150,000 negatives was purchased by the Government of Albania, to be conserved in the national archive.

Published photo albums of Marubi's work, include: "Gjurmë të Historisë Kombëtare në Shkodër" - Photograph Library ("Traces of National History in Shkodra"), 1982, and "By the Lumière", published in France. The first Albanian film school was named "Academy of Film and Multimedia Marubi", in honor of Marubi family and its work, as film and photography pioneers in western Balkans.

9973 R Skadar - Shkodra Kujtim nga Shqypënia Mirditore në treg të Shkoders Shkodrës ~ anno 1920. Atelier Photographique Marubbi, Scutari (Albanie) 14 44817 Collection de cartes postales de paysages et de personnages en costumes traditionnels de la région de Shkoder. Kartëpostë Shqypëniet
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Kel Marubi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kel Marubi

Self portrait of Kel Marubi, 1930s
Born 1870
Shkodër, Ottoman Empire
Died March 13, 1940 (aged 69–70)
Shkodër, Albania Known forPhotography
Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870 – 13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

Life
Kel Kodheli began his study of photography at the age of 15. During the 1920s, he studied in Lyon at the first school of photography and cinema founded by the Lumière brothers, and worked as a professional photographer in Shkodra from the late 1920s to 1952. He pioneered working with celluloid instead of glass plate. Kel Kodheli was an assistant to Italian photographer Pietro Marubi. After Pietro's death, Kodheli changed his name to Kel Marubi and became the owner of Marubi's photography studio. He photographed the Albanian political leaders of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, as well as common people and landscapes. Kel was an ardent patriot and was active in the Albanian National Awakening, taking part in the foundation of many associations related to Albanian language, as well as publishing Voice of Shkodra newspaper in 1908.

Kel Marubi became well known abroad as well. He was invited to photograph the Royal Family of the King of Montenegro. In 1970, his entire estate of 150,000 negatives was purchased by the Government of Albania, to be conserved in the national archive.

Published photo albums of Marubi's work, include: "Gjurmë të Historisë Kombëtare në Shkodër" - Photograph Library ("Traces of National History in Shkodra"), 1982, and "By the Lumière", published in France. The first Albanian film school was named "Academy of Film and Multimedia Marubi", in honor of Marubi family and its work, as film and photography pioneers in western Balkans.

11042 R Skadar - Albanien - Türkische Frau am Wochenmarkt Bromsilber-Karte Kartëpostë Shqypëniet Carte Postale Koleksioni Marubi ~ 1914.

Kel Marubi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kel Marubi

Self portrait of Kel Marubi, 1930s
Born 1870
Shkodër, Ottoman Empire
Died March 13, 1940 (aged 69–70)
Shkodër, Albania Known forPhotography
Kel Kodheli (better known as Kel Marubi) (1870 – 13 March 1940) was an Albanian photographer. He was the father of Geg Marubi.

Life
Kel Kodheli began his study of photography at the age of 15. During the 1920s, he studied in Lyon at the first school of photography and cinema founded by the Lumière brothers, and worked as a professional photographer in Shkodra from the late 1920s to 1952. He pioneered working with celluloid instead of glass plate. Kel Kodheli was an assistant to Italian photographer Pietro Marubi. After Pietro's death, Kodheli changed his name to Kel Marubi and became the owner of Marubi's photography studio. He photographed the Albanian political leaders of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, as well as common people and landscapes. Kel was an ardent patriot and was active in the Albanian National Awakening, taking part in the foundation of many associations related to Albanian language, as well as publishing Voice of Shkodra newspaper in 1908.

Kel Marubi became well known abroad as well. He was invited to photograph the Royal Family of the King of Montenegro. In 1970, his entire estate of 150,000 negatives was purchased by the Government of Albania, to be conserved in the national archive.

Published photo albums of Marubi's work, include: "Gjurmë të Historisë Kombëtare në Shkodër" - Photograph Library ("Traces of National History in Shkodra"), 1982, and "By the Lumière", published in France. The first Albanian film school was named "Academy of Film and Multimedia Marubi", in honor of Marubi family and its work, as film and photography pioneers in western Balkans.