The Flickr Gum23 Image Generatr

Gum Nebula was visible clearer in HII OIII starless version below:
www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53822710308

We can not see the big red nebula. It is too faint for our unaided eyes to feel directly, but we can feel the existence of Gum Nebula as a vast G-shaped dark part in the sky as below. It spans about 40 degrees. www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/16311565540

Gum Nebula exists about 1kLY away from us, and the diameter is about 1kLY. It means that Gum Nebula is extremely large and incredibly close to us, almost reaching us by the half way. Gum Nebula is believed to be old supernova remnant, which exploded about 1 million years ago. It means that the gas shell will reach us 1 million years after today, if we can assume that the expanding velocity is constant.

arctan 1/2 = 26.6 degrees, and angular diameter is 2 x 26.6 = 53 degrees, about 40 degrees in digits. The diameter looks to be equivalent to the calculated angle including the faintest parts.

Colin Gum reported the vast hydrogen-alpha region first in 1955. His sketch (1956) is visible here:

"Colin Gum and The Discovery of The Gum Nebula" by Kerr FJ 1971:
ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19720004102
ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19720004102/downloads/1972000...

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrow Band Filter or Clear Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 14 times x 60 seconds, 7 x 240 sec, and 8 times x 1,800 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.2 with NB12 filter
6 times x 60 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 7 times x 900 seconds at ISO 1,600 and f/3.2 with clear filter

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

Gum Nebula was visible clearer in HII OIII starless version below:
www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/53822710308

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrow Band Filter or Clear Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 14 times x 60 seconds, 7 x 240 sec, and 8 times x 1,800 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.2 with NB12 filter
6 times x 60 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 7 times x 900 seconds at ISO 1,600 and f/3.2 with clear filter

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, Clear Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 6 times x 60 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 7 times x 900 seconds at ISO 1,600 and f/3.2

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, Clear Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 6 times x 60 seconds, 6 x 240 sec, and 7 times x 900 seconds at ISO 1,600 and f/3.2

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

Detail of faint parts got clearer after the starless conversion, though there remained trailed stars near the horizon and Canopus, bloated by thin clouds, encroached during the imaging sessions.

We can not see the big red nebula. It is too faint for our unaided eyes to feel directly, but we can feel the existence of Gum Nebula as a vast G-shaped dark part in the sky as below. It spans about 40 degrees. www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/16311565540

Gum Nebula exists about 1kLY away from us, and the diameter is about 1kLY. It means that Gum Nebula is extremely large and incredibly close to us, almost reaching us by the half way. Gum Nebula is believed to be old supernova remnant, which exploded about 1 million years ago. It means that the gas shell will reach us 1 million years after today, if we can assume that the expanding velocity is constant.

arctan 1/2 = 26.6 degrees, and angular diameter is 2 x 26.6 = 53 degrees, about 40 degrees in digits. The diameter looks to be equivalent to the calculated angle including the faintest parts.

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrow Band Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 14 times x 60 seconds, 7 x 240 sec, and 8 times x 1,800 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.2

Enlarged the frame at 200%, applied StarNet ++ v2.0 (finer tiles, total number of tiles 4,902), and restored back to 100%.

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

It was too late to take this object in May. The object was too low in the west, and a part of the frame got stars drifted due to differential atmospheric refraction. Atmospheric layer elevated stars near the horizon. North is up, and east is to the left.

We can not see the big red nebula. It is too faint for our unaided eyes. We can feel the existence of Gum Nebula as a vast G-shaped dark part in the sky as below. It spans about 40 degrees.
www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/16311565540

Colin Gum reported the vast hydrogen-alpha region first in 1955. His sketch (1956) is visible here:

"Colin Gum and The Discovery of The Gum Nebula" by Kerr FJ 1971:
ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19720004102
ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19720004102/downloads/1972000...

We can not see Gum Nebula on "Atlas Coeli Skalnaté Pleso 1950.0" by Antonín Bečvář or on "Sky Atlas 2000.0" by Wil Tirion and Roger Sinnott, though Vela Supernova Remnant is on "Sky Atlas 2000.0." I have both big atlases. They are beautiful.

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrow Band Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 14 times x 60 seconds, 7 x 240 sec, and 8 times x 1,800 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.2

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

It was too late to take this object in May. The object was too low in the west, and a part of the frame got stars drifted due to differential atmospheric refraction. Atmospheric layer elevated stars near the horizon. North is up, and east is to the left.

We can not see the big red nebula. It is too faint for our unaided eyes. We can feel the existence of Gum Nebula as a vast G-shaped dark part in the sky as below. It spans about 40 degrees.
www.flickr.com/photos/hiroc/16311565540

Colin Gum reported the vast hydrogen-alpha region first in 1955. His sketch (1956) is visible here:

"Colin Gum and The Discovery of The Gum Nebula" by Kerr FJ 1971:
ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19720004102
ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19720004102/downloads/1972000...

We can not see Gum Nebula on "Atlas Coeli Skalnaté Pleso 1950.0" by Antonín Bečvář or on "Sky Atlas 2000.0" by Wil Tirion and Roger Sinnott, though Vela Supernova Remnant is on "Sky Atlas 2000.0." I have both big atlases. They are beautiful.

Equipment: Sigma 35mmF1.4 DG HSM Art, IDAS NB12 Dual Narrow Band Filter, and EOS R6-SP5, modified by Seo San on ZWO AM5 Equatorial Mount, autoguided with Fujinon 1:2.8/75mm C-Mount Lens, Pentax x2 Extender, ZWO ASI 120MM-mini, and PHD2 Guiding

Exposure: 14 times x 60 seconds, 7 x 240 sec, and 8 times x 1,800 seconds at ISO 6,400 and f/3.2

site: 2,430m above sea level at lat. 24 38 55 South and long. 70 16 52 West near Cerro Armazones Chile
SQML was 21.55 at the night. Ambient temperature was around 6 degrees Celsius or 43 degrees Fahrenheit.

Nebula in Vela
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Image exposure: 58 minutes
Image Size: 2.09° x 1.39°
Image date: 2024-04-11
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My Flickr Astronomy Album
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This image from NASAs Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, highlights several star-forming regions. There are five distinct centers of star birth in this one image alone. Star-forming nebulae (called HII regions by astronomers) are clouds of gas and dust that have been heated up by nearby stars recently formed from the same cloud, and have appeared in previously featured WISE images.

The largest, brightest cloud, in the upper right is known as Gum 22. Its named after Colin Gum, an Australian astronomer who surveyed the southern hemisphere sky in the early 1950s looking for star-forming regions like these. He catalogued 85 new such regions, named Gum 1 to 85 (Gum Crater on the moon was also named in his honor).

Going counter-clockwise from Gum 22, the other catalogued nebulae in the image are Gum 23 (part of same cloud as 22), IRAS 09002-4732 (orange cloud near center), Bran 226 (upper cloud of the two at lower left), and finally Gum 25 at far lower left. There are also several smaller and/or more distant regions scattered throughout the image that have yet to be catalogued. Most of the regions are thought to be part of our local Orion spiral arm spur in the Milky Way Galaxy. Their distances range from about 4,000 to 10,000 light-years away.

Notice the very bright green star near the lower right portion of the image. You can tell its a star because it appears to have spikes sticking out of it (diffraction spikes like these are an optical effect caused by the structure of the telescope). Bright stars in WISE images are typically blue, so you know this one is special. Known as IRAS 08535-4724, its a unique type of stellar giant called a carbon star. Carbon stars are similar to red giants stars, which are much larger than the Sun, glow brightly in longer wavelengths, and are in the late stages of their lives. But they have unusually high amounts of carbon in their outer atmospheres. Astronomers think this carbon comes either from convection currents deep within a star's core, or from a nearby neighboring star, from which it is siphoned. Recent evidence suggests that a carbon star like this one will end its life in an extremely powerful explosion called a gamma-ray burst, briefly outshining the Sun a million trillion times.

The colors used in this image represent specific wavelengths of infrared light. Blue and cyan (blue-green) represent light emitted at wavelengths of 3.4 and 4.6 microns, which is predominantly from stars. Green and red represent light of 12 and 22 microns, respectively, which is mostly emitted by dust.