Pic du Lizieux (Haute-Loire) France.
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Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Anorthoclase crystal from the Quaternary of Antarctica.
Mt. Erebus is the only active volcano in Antarctica. It is a 1.3 million year old, polygenetic stratovolcano in the West Antarctic Rift System. It has erupted basanite, trachyte, tephriphonolite, and phonolite (kenyte) lavas during its history. The summit cone of Erebus has an anorthoclase phenocryst gravel lag, derived from weathering and erosion of kenyte lava, the 2nd-rarest lava type on Earth (Mt. Kenya Volcano in eastern Africa also has kenyte). Kenyte is a porphyritic phonolite having anorthoclase feldspar phenocrysts and a glassy to cryptocrystalline groundmass.
Anorthoclase is a type of feldspar, (Na,K)AlSi3O8) - sodium potassium aluminosilicate. This anorthoclase phenocryst has a coating of weathered, highly vesiculated, glassy kenyte. The lava from which the crystal derives is Late Pleistocene or Holocene in age (I’m not sure which).
Locality: Mt. Erebus Volcano, western Ross Island, Ross Sea, Antarctica (77º 31’ 51” South latidude, 167º 08’ 40” East longitude)
Roasted gold ore from Cripple Creek, Colorado, USA. (field of view ~4.1 centimeters across)
The Cripple Creek Gold District of central Colorado is famous for its unusual gold and silver mineralization. Precious metal mineralization occurs in the Cripple Creek Diatreme, the root zone of a deeply eroded volcano of Early Oligocene age (32 million years old).
The dominant lithology at Cripple Creek is phonolite, a scarce, alkaline, intermediate, extrusive igneous rock. Cripple Creek gold can be found in its native state (Au), but it typically occurs in the form of gold telluride minerals such as sylvanite ((Au,Ag)2Te4), calaverite (AuTe2), petzite (Ag3AuTe2), krennerite ((Au,Ag)Te2), and nagyagite (Pb5Au(Sb,Bi)Te2S6). Silver also occurs in some Cripple Creek minerals, including sylvanite, petzite, krennerite, hessite (Ag2Te), tennantite ((Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)12As4S13), acanthite (Ag2S), and tetrahedrite ((Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)12Sb4S13).
The gold telluride minerals common in the Cripple Creek Diatreme lack the wonderful, deep rich yellow color of native gold. Some Cripple Creek rock samples have been artificially “roasted” to drive off the tellurium. With heat, the Te readily volatilizes, leaving behind relatively pure gold. The gold patches on the rock seen here are surficial blisters and crusts of gold.
Roasted gold ore from Cripple Creek, Colorado, USA. (field of view ~4.4 centimeters across)
The Cripple Creek Gold District of central Colorado is famous for its unusual gold and silver mineralization. Precious metal mineralization occurs in the Cripple Creek Diatreme, the root zone of a deeply eroded volcano of Early Oligocene age (32 million years old).
The dominant lithology at Cripple Creek is phonolite, a scarce, alkaline, intermediate, extrusive igneous rock. Cripple Creek gold can be found in its native state (Au), but it typically occurs in the form of gold telluride minerals such as sylvanite ((Au,Ag)2Te4), calaverite (AuTe2), petzite (Ag3AuTe2), krennerite ((Au,Ag)Te2), and nagyagite (Pb5Au(Sb,Bi)Te2S6). Silver also occurs in some Cripple Creek minerals, including sylvanite, petzite, krennerite, hessite (Ag2Te), tennantite ((Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)12As4S13), acanthite (Ag2S), and tetrahedrite ((Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)12Sb4S13).
The gold telluride minerals common in the Cripple Creek Diatreme lack the wonderful, deep rich yellow color of native gold. Some Cripple Creek rock samples have been artificially “roasted” to drive off the tellurium. With heat, the Te readily volatilizes, leaving behind relatively pure gold. The gold patches on the rock seen here are surficial blisters and crusts of gold.
Roasted gold ore from Cripple Creek, Colorado, USA. (~7.2 centimeters across at its widest)
The Cripple Creek Gold District of central Colorado is famous for its unusual gold and silver mineralization. Precious metal mineralization occurs in the Cripple Creek Diatreme, the root zone of a deeply eroded volcano of Early Oligocene age (32 million years old).
The dominant lithology at Cripple Creek is phonolite, a scarce, alkaline, intermediate, extrusive igneous rock. Cripple Creek gold can be found in its native state (Au), but it typically occurs in the form of gold telluride minerals such as sylvanite ((Au,Ag)2Te4), calaverite (AuTe2), petzite (Ag3AuTe2), krennerite ((Au,Ag)Te2), and nagyagite (Pb5Au(Sb,Bi)Te2S6). Silver also occurs in some Cripple Creek minerals, including sylvanite, petzite, krennerite, hessite (Ag2Te), tennantite ((Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)12As4S13), acanthite (Ag2S), and tetrahedrite ((Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)12Sb4S13).
The gold telluride minerals common in the Cripple Creek Diatreme lack the wonderful, deep rich yellow color of native gold. Some Cripple Creek rock samples have been artificially “roasted” to drive off the tellurium. With heat, the Te readily volatilizes, leaving behind relatively pure gold. The gold patches on the rock seen here are surficial blisters and crusts of gold.
Roasted gold ore from Cripple Creek, Colorado, USA. (field of view ~4.5 centimeters across)
The Cripple Creek Gold District of central Colorado is famous for its unusual gold and silver mineralization. Precious metal mineralization occurs in the Cripple Creek Diatreme, the root zone of a deeply eroded volcano of Early Oligocene age (32 million years old).
The dominant lithology at Cripple Creek is phonolite, a scarce, alkaline, intermediate, extrusive igneous rock. Cripple Creek gold can be found in its native state (Au), but it typically occurs in the form of gold telluride minerals such as sylvanite ((Au,Ag)2Te4), calaverite (AuTe2), petzite (Ag3AuTe2), krennerite ((Au,Ag)Te2), and nagyagite (Pb5Au(Sb,Bi)Te2S6). Silver also occurs in some Cripple Creek minerals, including sylvanite, petzite, krennerite, hessite (Ag2Te), tennantite ((Cu,Ag,Fe,Zn)12As4S13), acanthite (Ag2S), and tetrahedrite ((Cu,Fe,Ag,Zn)12Sb4S13).
The gold telluride minerals common in the Cripple Creek Diatreme lack the wonderful, deep rich yellow color of native gold. Some Cripple Creek rock samples have been artificially “roasted” to drive off the tellurium. With heat, the Te readily volatilizes, leaving behind relatively pure gold. The gold patches on the rock seen here are surficial blisters and crusts of gold.
The rock that makes up Devil's Tower is called a phonolite, a rare igneous extrusive rock of intermediate chemical composition between felsic and mafic. It is a quartz deficient rock dominated by low-silica feldspathoid minerals more than feldspar minerals. The mix of fine- and coarse-grained crystals classifies it as a porphyry.
The rock that makes up Devil's Tower is called a phonolite, a rare igneous extrusive rock of intermediate chemical composition between felsic and mafic. It is a quartz deficient rock dominated by low-silica feldspathoid minerals more than feldspar minerals. The mix of fine- and coarse-grained crystals classifies it as a porphyry.