
While the Taj Mahal is clad mostly in white marble, all of the other structures are covered in red sandstone with white marble highlights. Beautiful in their own right, these structures are also carved in patterns and inlaid with semi-precious stone. These other structures include the four gates, the walls, the mosque, and the matching library.
Located in Agra, India, the entire complex backs to the Yamuna River which is the second longest tributary of the Ganges River. While Agra was established as the capital of the Mughal Empire, the river flows downstream to Delhi which was a second capital of the empire. The Taj Mahal was built as a mausoleum by the 5th Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. He planned to build his own mausoleum directly across the river and connect the two with a processional bridge. However, he was usurped by his fourth son who held him in captivity for the final years of his life. Thanks to the pleas of his daughters, he was interred next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.